As a homeowner, I understand how essential it is to have safe water for our families. One question that often comes to mind, especially for those living in the Sunshine State, is, “Is Florida tap water safe to drink?”
Florida tap water is generally safe to drink, as it meets federal and state regulations. However, it’s essential to be aware of local water quality reports, as contaminant levels may vary. In some cases, additional filtration methods may be recommended to improve taste and ensure safety.
As a homeowner, ensuring our drinking water is safe is crucial. “Is Florida tap water safe to drink?” is a question many Floridians ask. In this article, we’ll explore the facts and myths surrounding Florida’s tap water, its quality, contaminants, and taste. Join me in this comprehensive guide to better understand your tap water and how to ensure its safety for you and your family.
Table of Contents
Understanding the Source of Florida’s Tap Water and Its Quality Standards
Florida’s tap water comes from a mix of sources, including groundwater from the Floridan Aquifer System, which supplies around 90% of the state’s drinking water, and surface water from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs. The quality and safety of tap water are regulated at both the federal and state levels to ensure that it meets specific standards.
At the federal level, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets guidelines and enforces the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), which establishes the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for various substances found in tap water. These MCLs are designed to protect public health by limiting the amount of potentially harmful substances in drinking water.
In addition to federal regulations, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) manages the state’s water quality standards. The FDEP enforces the Florida Safe Drinking Water Act, which aligns with the EPA’s SDWA, and also establishes state-specific regulations to ensure water quality in Florida’s unique environment.
Water utilities in Florida are required to regularly test and monitor their water supplies for contaminants and report their findings to the FDEP and the public. As a homeowner, you can access your local water utility’s annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) to learn more about the quality and safety of your tap water.
While Florida’s tap water generally meets federal and state regulations, it is essential to stay informed about your local water quality and any potential issues that may arise. In some cases, additional water treatment or filtration methods may be recommended to ensure the best possible water quality for you and your family.
What Contaminants Are in Florida’s Tap Water?
While Florida’s tap water generally meets federal and state safety standards, it is essential to be aware of the various contaminants that can be found in the water. These contaminants can occur naturally or result from human activities, such as industrial processes, agriculture, and urban runoff. Here, we discuss some of the common contaminants found in Florida’s tap water:
1. Total Trihalomethanes
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) are a group of chemical compounds formed when chlorine or other disinfectants react with organic matter in the water. Long-term exposure to high levels of TTHMs has been linked to increased cancer risk and other health issues. Water utilities work to keep TTHMs within acceptable limits set by the EPA.
Read my article about removing TTHMs with carbon filters.
2. Haloacetic Acids
Like TTHMs, haloacetic acids (HAA5 and HAA9) are byproducts of water disinfection. These compounds can also pose health risks when present in high concentrations. The EPA regulates HAA5 and HAA9 levels to ensure they stay within safe limits.
3. Radium
Radium (R-226 & R-228) is a naturally occurring radioactive element found in rocks, soil, and groundwater. Long-term exposure to high levels of radium can increase the risk of cancer. The EPA sets maximum limits for combined radium-226 and radium-228 in tap water.
Read my article about removing radium with reverse osmosis.
4. Nitrate
Nitrate is a common water contaminant resulting from agricultural runoff, septic systems, and the breakdown of organic materials. High nitrate levels can be harmful to infants, causing a condition called methemoglobinemia or “blue baby syndrome.” The EPA regulates nitrate levels in drinking water to protect public health.
Read my article about removing nitrate with reverse osmosis.
5. Arsenic
Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that can be found in groundwater. Long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic may increase the risk of various health problems, including skin, bladder, and lung cancer, as well as cardiovascular disease. The EPA sets maximum contaminant levels for arsenic in drinking water to protect public health.
Read my article about the best methods to remove arsenic from drinking water.
6. Chromium-6
Chromium-6, also known as hexavalent chromium, is another naturally occurring element found in groundwater. It can also be introduced into water sources through industrial processes. Long-term exposure to high levels of chromium-6 has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer and other health issues. While the EPA does not have a specific maximum contaminant level for chromium-6, it is included in the total chromium regulation, and the EPA monitors its presence in drinking water.
7. Chlorate
Chlorate is a byproduct of the water disinfection process and can also form when bleach comes into contact with water. High levels of chlorate can interfere with thyroid function and pose health risks. The EPA currently monitors chlorate levels in drinking water and is considering setting regulatory limits.
8. Uranium
Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element found in rocks, soil, and groundwater. Ingesting high levels of uranium can damage the kidneys and increase the risk of cancer. The EPA sets maximum contaminant levels for uranium in drinking water to protect public health.
Read my article about removing uranium from drinking water with reverse osmosis.
9. Perfluorooctane Sulfonate
Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) is a man-made chemical found in various consumer products and has been detected in some water supplies. Long-term exposure to PFOS may have adverse health effects, including developmental and reproductive issues. The EPA is currently evaluating the need for regulatory limits on PFOS in drinking water.
Read my article about removing PFAS from drinking water.
How to Remove Contaminants from Florida Tap Water
The following table provides the best available treatment methods to remove the contaminants most commonly found in Florida tap water.
| Contaminants in FL Water | Treatment Methods |
| Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) | Activated carbon filters |
| Haloacetic acids (HAA5 and HAA9) | Activated carbon filters |
| Radium, combined (-226 & -228) | Reverse osmosis, ion exchange |
| Nitrate | Reverse osmosis, ion exchange, distillation |
| Arsenic | Reverse osmosis, activated alumina, distillation |
| Chromium-6 | Reverse osmosis, ion exchange |
| Chlorate | Reverse osmosis, activated carbon filters |
| Uranium | Reverse osmosis, ion exchange, distillation |
| Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) | Reverse osmosis, activated carbon filters |
Why is Florida Tap Water So Bad in Taste, Smell, and Appearance?
Florida tap water’s taste, smell, and appearance issues often result from several factors, including the natural composition of the water, water treatment processes, and local infrastructure. Here are some common reasons for the unpleasant qualities of Florida tap water:
- High mineral content: Florida’s groundwater often has high levels of minerals like calcium, magnesium, and sulfates, which can affect the water’s taste and appearance. These minerals can give the water a “hard” or “sulfurous” taste and cause scaling on fixtures and appliances.
- Disinfection byproducts: Chlorine and chloramines used to disinfect tap water can react with organic matter, creating compounds like TTHMs and haloacetic acids. These byproducts can impart a “chlorine-like” taste and smell to the water.
- Algae blooms: Florida’s surface water sources can experience seasonal algae blooms, which release compounds that affect water taste and odor. Although water utilities take steps to remove these compounds, trace amounts can still be present in tap water.
- Aging infrastructure: Old pipes and water mains can contribute to water discoloration, unpleasant taste, and smell. Corroding pipes can release rust particles or cause bacterial growth, leading to changes in water quality.
What To Do If You Find Your Florida Tap Water Tastes Weird?
If you notice that your Florida tap water tastes, smells, or looks unusual, here are some steps you can take to address the issue.
| Action to Improve Tap Water Quality | Description |
| Check local water quality report | Review your local Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) to see if there are any known issues with water quality in your area. |
| Run the tap for a few minutes | If you haven’t used your tap for an extended period, running the water for a few minutes can help flush out stale water and any impurities that may have accumulated in your pipes. |
| Install a water filter | Installing a water filter on your faucet or using a pitcher filter can help remove impurities and improve the taste, smell, and appearance of your tap water. |
| Regularly clean faucets and aerators | Sediment and bacteria can accumulate in your faucets and aerators, affecting water quality. Regular cleaning can help minimize these issues. |
| Consider a water softener | If you have hard water, a water softener can help reduce mineral content, improving the taste and appearance of your tap water. |
| Report issues to your water utility | If you continue to experience problems with your tap water, contact your local water utility to report the issue and request further investigation. |
Other US Cities with Poor Water Quality Compared to Florida
While Florida’s tap water has its share of quality concerns, other cities in the United States have faced even more significant water quality issues. Here, we’ll discuss some notable examples and how they compare to Florida’s tap water:
Flint, Michigan: Genesee Township
Flint, Michigan, made headlines in 2014 when it switched its water source, leading to dangerously high levels of lead and other contaminants in the tap water. The crisis resulted in widespread health issues, including lead poisoning and outbreaks of Legionnaires’ disease. Although efforts have been made to address the problem, Flint continues to grapple with water quality issues and infrastructure challenges.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania American Water Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, has faced ongoing concerns about its water quality, primarily due to aging infrastructure and lead contamination. In recent years, the city has undertaken extensive efforts to replace lead service lines and improve its water treatment processes. While progress has been made, some residents still experience issues with water quality and safety.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Milwaukee Waterworks
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, has also faced water quality challenges related to aging infrastructure and lead contamination. The city has been working to address these issues, including implementing corrosion control measures and replacing lead service lines. Despite these efforts, Milwaukee continues to face challenges in ensuring clean and safe tap water for all residents.
Miami Dade County, Florida
Miami Dade County in Florida has experienced water quality concerns similar to other parts of the state, such as high levels of minerals, disinfection byproducts, and occasional algae blooms. Additionally, the county has faced issues with saltwater intrusion into its freshwater sources due to rising sea levels and over-pumping of groundwater. This intrusion can lead to increased levels of contaminants like chloride and sodium in the tap water. Efforts are ongoing to address these challenges and ensure the safety of the water supply.
Learn about the safety and quality of tap water in these US cities:
Is Charlotte Tap Water Safe to Drink?
Is Pittsburgh Tap Water Safe to Drink?
FAQs
Is it safe to drink tap water in Florida without additional filtration?
Generally, Florida tap water is safe to drink as it meets federal and state regulations. However, local water quality can vary, so it’s essential to stay informed about your area’s water quality through the annual Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). In some cases, additional filtration methods may be recommended to improve taste and ensure safety.
Can boiling tap water remove contaminants?
Boiling tap water can effectively kill most bacteria, viruses, and parasites, but it does not remove chemical contaminants like lead, chlorine, or nitrates. For these types of contaminants, using a water filter is more effective.
What kind of water filter should I use for Florida tap water?
The best water filter for your needs depends on the specific contaminants present in your local water supply. Review your area’s CCR to determine which contaminants are of concern, and choose a filter certified to remove those contaminants. Common filter types include activated carbon filters, reverse osmosis systems, and water softeners.
How can I find out more about my local tap water quality?
Your local water utility is required to publish an annual CCR, which provides information on the water source, detected contaminants, and compliance with water quality regulations. You can usually find your CCR online or request a copy from your water utility.
Final Take
Florida tap water generally meets federal and state safety standards, but issues with taste, smell, and appearance persist due to factors like high mineral content, disinfection byproducts, algae blooms, and aging infrastructure. Common contaminants found in Florida tap water include TTHMs, haloacetic acids, radium, nitrate, arsenic, chromium-6, chlorate, uranium, and PFOS. While other US cities like Flint, Pittsburgh, and Milwaukee have faced more severe water quality problems, it’s essential for Florida residents to stay informed about local water quality and consider using appropriate water filters if necessary.